{"id":17809,"date":"2023-08-03T18:31:50","date_gmt":"2023-08-03T18:31:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nanographene.org\/?p=17809"},"modified":"2023-08-03T18:34:12","modified_gmt":"2023-08-03T18:34:12","slug":"integrated-graphenes-3-d-graphene-scaffold-gii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nanographene.org\/index.php\/integrated-graphenes-3-d-graphene-scaffold-gii\/","title":{"rendered":"Integrated Graphene\u2019s 3-D Graphene Scaffold ( Gii™ )"},"content":{"rendered":"

Article taken from Linkedin post<\/a> by Saima Nisar<\/a> on August 3rd 2023<\/p>\n

As a Chemistry graduate by background and my 30 years in Industry, I had heard the mention of Graphene from time to time, but never really got under the \u2018bonnet\u2019.<\/p>\n

However, over the course of the next 3 days in 3-part postings, I am hoping to share my learnings and clear some of the \u2018grey\u2019 areas of confusion, ending with exciting applications of Integrated Graphene\u2019s 3-D Graphene scaffold, we call Gii™, and the fantastic opportunities and new application spaces Gii™ brings! 🤓<\/p>\n

Over the next 3 days I will be looking at :
\nPart 1 \u2013 Basics of Graphene
\nPart 2 \u2013 Commercially available forms of Graphene
\nPart 3 \u2013 Properties and Applications<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Part 1- Basics of Graphene
\nGraphene is a multi-purpose material composed of a layer of carbon atoms, one atom thick, arranged in a hexagonal matrix. Graphene is the building block of Graphite (like the tip of your pencil). The material is thin, strong and an excellent conductor of heat and electricity, among many other significant properties.<\/p>\n

There are many forms of graphene in different types and grades. These graphene types have varying percentage purity ratings and different levels of manufacturability and cost.<\/p>\n

Three approaches to manufacturing<\/p>\n

👉 Gii™ 3D graphene foam grown on a substrate: Patented by Integrated Graphene, the most efficient manufacturing method, producing quality and least variability, economically at proven volume scale.<\/p>\n

👉 CVD – Chemical Vapour Disposition: Process deposits thin films on specific substrate surfaces. Produces quality product but can result in low yields and complications.<\/p>\n

👉 Exfoliation\/Cleaving: This process which involves cleaving the graphite into graphene is a lot more unstable due to the need for high temperatures, mechanical stresses, and harsh chemicals. Produces a lower quality of graphene, restricting its use as an additive to composites.<\/p>\n

Part 2 – Commercially available forms of Graphene<\/p>\n

‘Gii™: 3D carbon scaffold’
\nA 3-dimensional carbon-based nanomaterial produced using our proprietary patented method, Gii™ has none of the associated supply chain limitations of CVD Graphene. Gii™ has a unique patented process that can be produced on almost any substrate and, crucially, in commercial quantities. Measured at 98% purity, it is high quality and customisable. One of the most common difficulties faced with graphene is the use of toxic chemicals in the manufacturing process. However, with Gii™, no chemicals are required.
\nUnlike other forms of graphene, Gii\u2019s manufacturing has little waste, resulting in an efficient material applicable in many fields including medical diagnostics, energy storage, and gas and pressure sensing.<\/p>\n

‘Pristine graphene 2D’
\nThis is graphene in its original pure unoxidized form. Although it is superior to graphene oxide, it is not easily available, limiting its use in applications. Where it is available, it\u2019s used as an additive, designed to be blended with other materials.<\/p>\n

‘Functionalised graphene’
\nFunctionalised graphene is modified by chemical oxidation, covalent or non-covalent doping to render different properties such as composition, size, shape, and structure. Examples of functionalised graphene include graphene oxide and graphene Nano ribbons.<\/p>\n

‘Graphene oxide 2D’
\nGraphene oxide is the oxidised form of graphene, containing the functionalised oxygen groups. As graphene oxide is dispersible in water, it is relatively easy to use. However, this version is difficult and costly to manufacture through chemical vapour disposition (CVD). It is non-conductive which limits its potential applications.<\/p>\n

‘Reduced graphene oxide’
\nCloser in form to pristine graphene, reduced graphene oxide removes the oxygen molecules leaving only a residue of oxygen. It contains more imperfections than graphene from graphite and is both costly and difficult to manufacture as a quality product.<\/p>\n

‘Graphene Quantum Dots’
\nUnlike the other Graphene family, they are zero dimensional. They have different optical and electronic properties to Graphene. However, this route is unlikely to hit mainstream manufacturing due to its raw source of mined coal.<\/p>\n

Part 3 – Properties & Applications<\/p>\n

The scale of Gii ™ 3D electrochemical surface is unparalleled in other graphene forms, resulting in a wide variety of performance properties:<\/p>\n

✔ High Electrical and Thermal Conductivity
\n✔ Field Effect Transistor (FET)
\n✔ Triboelectric Properties
\n✔ Magnetics Hall Effect
\n✔ High Porosity
\n✔ Lightweight
\n✔ Antifouling
\n✔ High Chemical Resistance<\/p>\n

Gii™ applications today<\/p>\n

Gii Sens™ Our Human Diagnostic Biosensors driven by the mission to make health measurable, cost effective at the point of need. These are electrochemical electrodes made with our novel 3D Graphene, Gii ™. Disposable sensors that allow for one step assays without the need for pre-treatments and Gii – Sens+™ our pre-functionalised electrode with either NHS or COOH.<\/p>\n

Energy Storage Supercapacitors \u2013 Gii Cap™ Our flat flexible power storage solution allowing smaller lighter better performing wireless voice enabled wearables. Enabling the eternal life of IOT devices, reducing, or eliminated batteries, enabling endless power source systems.<\/p>\n

Possible applications of Gii™
\nGii\u00ae technology offers the possibility to have highly sensitive, smaller form fit, flexible or rigid gas, magnetic and pressure sensors which are durable, economic, and scalable.<\/p>\n

Another phenomenal property of Gii™ is as Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENGS) which behave as energy harvesting power sources for autonomous sensors. This paves the way for example applications such an autonomous pressure sensing platform for anonymous room occupancy monitoring in smart buildings.<\/p>\n

The highly tuneable 3D surface area of Gii™ lends itself well to chemical catalysts.
\nDue to the push of net zero, there are demands in reducing energy in manufacturing processes that are commonly high energy intensive industries such as pharmaceutical and chemical.
\nGii™ may be able to support these initiatives.<\/p>\n

This is an exciting novel material leading to many exciting application spaces.<\/p>\n

👉 Hydrogen Storage
\n👉 Heat Dissipation
\n👉 Wearable Electronics
\n👉 Pressure Sensing
\n👉 Gas Sensing<\/p>\n

And many more\u2026<\/p>\n

To find out more about the power of Gii™ and potential applications for your specifications, please visit: integratedgraphene.com<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Article taken from Linkedin post by Saima Nisar on August 3rd 2023 As a Chemistry graduate by background and my 30 years in Industry, I had heard the mention of Graphene from time to time, but never really got under the \u2018bonnet\u2019. However, over the course of the next 3 days in 3-part postings, I […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nIntegrated Graphene\u2019s 3-D Graphene Scaffold ( Gii™ ) - Tech Canada News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nanographene.org\/index.php\/integrated-graphenes-3-d-graphene-scaffold-gii\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Integrated Graphene\u2019s 3-D Graphene Scaffold ( Gii™ ) - Tech Canada News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Article taken from Linkedin post by Saima Nisar on August 3rd 2023 As a Chemistry graduate by background and my 30 years in Industry, I had heard the mention of Graphene from time to time, but never really got under the \u2018bonnet\u2019. 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